The close interrelation between fuel filter, fuel pressure, fuel injector, spark plugs, and oxygen sensor to fuel economy

Apart from the MAP sensor and Intake Air Temperature sensor (IAT) there are fuel filter, fuel pressure, fuel injector, spark plugs, and oxygen sensor which are closely interrelated in the car fuel consumptions. We will discuss in this topic how each components contribute to the bad or good fuel economy of the car. 

1. Fuel filter - Dirty and clogged fuel filter will force the ECU to command more fuel to be injected to balance the Air to Fuel Ratio detected by the oxygen sensor. As a result more fuel is consumed as it pump unnecessary fuel to balance the AFR in the combustions.

2. Fuel pressure - bad fuel pressure regulator also potentially lead to poor fuel economy as it unable to deliver enough fuel into the combustions as detected by the o2 sensor as a result the ECU will command the fuel pump to supply more fuel which leads to poor fuel economy.

3. Fuel Injector - clogged fuel injector prevent adequate fuel into the combustions as detected by the oxygen sensor as a result the ECU will command the fuel pump to supply more fuel which result in bad fuel economy.

4. Spark plugs - worn out spark plugs electrode result in less efficient combustions.

5. Oxygen sensor - Faulty or worn out o2 sensor will deliver false data about the car combustions activity to the ECU for example lean data. As a result the ECU command more fuels through the fuel pumps.

Gasoline Fuel Magnetism Charateristic

Gasoline Chemical Element Compositions	Magnetism behavior
4-8% alkanes	Diamagnetic
2-5% alkenes	Diamagnetic
25-40% isoalkanes	Diamagnetic
3-7% cycloalkanes	Diamagnetic
20-50% total aromatics (0.5-2.5% benzene)	Paramagnetic

Light fractions of crude oil consisting mainly of paraffinic and naphtenic hydrocarbons are the most diamagnetic. The content of the less diamagnetic aromatics increases in the kerosene and gas oil fractions, and results in an increase in the magnetic susceptibility. Reference

Most gases are slightly diamagnetic and repelled out of a magnetic field. Oxygen is different, it is a paramagnetic gas, which means that it is attracted by a magnetic field. There are a number of oxygen analyzers which use the unique paramagnetic properties of oxygen. Reference